Thyroid hormone is one of the most important hormones in the body because it affects every cell and organ. This hormone is produced by glands shaped like a butterfly in the middle of the front of the neck.
There are three hormones produced and released by the thyroid gland, namely thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and calcitonin. Because thyroid hormones play an important role for the body, excessive or too little production will have a direct impact on general body health.
Thyroid hormone function
Some of the things below are functions owned by thyroid hormones, namely:
- Control the calorie burning process carried out by the body. This metabolic control can affect the increase or decrease in a person's weight.
- Control the speed of food processing in the digestive system.
- Helps regulate heartbeat and blood pressure.
- Increase or decrease body temperature.
- Control the speed of the body in cell reproduction.
- Helps growth in children.
- Optimizes brain growth, especially in children.
- Activating the nervous system to increase focus power and body reflex speed.
In general, overproduction of thyroid hormones will make things in the body go faster than they should. And vice versa, the adverse effects will also be felt by the body if thyroid hormones are produced in amounts that are too small.
To be able to work optimally, the thyroid hormone requires a stimulus from the pituitary gland (pituitary). Glands in the brain will produce, store, and release thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) or trigger thyroid hormone production. The amount of TSH is one of the markers of high or low thyroid hormone in the body.
Impact of excess thyroid hormone
Because the role of thyroid hormone is very important for the body, maintaining its stability is very important to do. One of the conditions that can affect thyroid hormone is hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is a condition when the thyroid gland is too active in producing hormones, so the level of thyroid hormone in the blood becomes very high.
Some of the symptoms below can appear if someone has too much thyroid hormone or the thyroid gland is too active:
- Experience weight loss.
- Trembling or tremor.
- Having hair loss
- Become nervous or restless.
- Difficult to concentrate.
- The body sweat excessively.
- Sensitive or can not stand the heat.
- Restless and insomnia.
- Easily tired.
- Heartbeat becomes fast.
Impact of Thyroid Hormone Deficiency
Too little amount of thyroid hormone is better known as hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is unable to produce sufficient amount of thyroid hormone. This is what makes the body's metabolic processes disrupted.
Some symptoms of thyroid hormone deficiency, including:
- Experiencing a slow metabolism.
- Easy to gain weight.
- Easily tired.
- Memory failure.
- Difficult bowel movements or constipation.
- Too sensitive to cold air.
- Heart rate is slower than normal conditions.
- Having dry skin.
- Has a hoarse voice.
- Dry hair and break easily.
- Experiencing depression.
The symptoms of this thyroid disorder can mimic other diseases. In women, the condition of excess or deficiency of the thyroid hormone can both affect the menstrual cycle. If you or a family member experiences the symptoms mentioned above, immediately consult a doctor to undergo a thyroid examination. Given its vital function, thyroid hormone disorders cannot be underestimated and need to be addressed immediately.
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